Historical milestone · 2010

    Recurrent neural network language model

    Reviewed through September 18, 2026

    2010 · Historical milestone

    Recurrent neural network language model

    Era
    2010
    Theme
    Language models & representation
    Evidence form
    Evaluated an RNN next-word model and mixtures on speech-recognition corpora against strong backoff n-grams
    School / paradigm
    Neural language modeling
    Institution / context
    Brno University of Technology / Johns Hopkins
    Researchers
    Tomáš Mikolov; Martin Karafiát; Lukáš Burget; Jan Černocký; Sanjeev Khudanpur

    Understand

    Plain-language record, transferred from the reviewed source module.

    Theory or experimental setup. Reported roughly 50% perplexity reduction for RNN mixtures and meaningful word-error-rate improvements, with computation as the main drawback.

    Result / historical claim. Training was expensive, models were small by later standards, and recurrent inference was sequential.

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    Evidence status, stated limitations, and the external sources this record actually carries.

    Evidence form. Evaluated an RNN next-word model and mixtures on speech-recognition corpora against strong backoff n-grams

    Limitation / debate. Modern neural language modeling, learned context, scaling, and the compute-versus-quality frontier.

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