Historical milestone · 2009

    Large-scale deep learning on GPUs

    Reviewed through September 18, 2026

    2009 · Historical milestone

    Large-scale deep learning on GPUs

    Era
    2000s
    Theme
    Infrastructure, efficiency & open ecosystems
    Evidence form
    Parallelized deep belief networks and sparse coding on graphics processors and compared them with multicore CPU implementations
    School / paradigm
    Accelerated deep learning
    Institution / context
    Stanford University
    Researchers
    Rajat Raina; Anand Madhavan; Andrew Ng

    Understand

    Plain-language record, transferred from the reviewed source module.

    Theory or experimental setup. Argued and demonstrated that GPU parallelism could unlock much larger unsupervised models and datasets.

    Result / historical claim. Specialized implementation effort, memory limits, and hardware dependence remained substantial.

    Apply

    Professional implication, only where the reviewed record states one.

    The checked-in record does not state a separate professional application for this entry. The topic page places it in the wider research lineage: .

    Verify

    Evidence status, stated limitations, and the external sources this record actually carries.

    Evidence form. Parallelized deep belief networks and sparse coding on graphics processors and compared them with multicore CPU implementations

    Limitation / debate. GPU-first ML systems, model scaling, data parallelism, and compute as a research bottleneck.

    Source status. This milestone row does not carry a primary-source URL in the approved export, and we do not have a verified link for it in our own research. We do not guess one.

    No primary-source URL is recorded for this entry in our reviewed data. Rather than manufacture a citation, we link the Implement Agentic research page that carries the record.

    Reproduce

    A reproduction tutorial is linked only when one exists for this exact record.

    A reproduction tutorial is not yet available for this entry. The closest reviewed material is .

    Cite or share

    APA-like: This historical record carries a year only, and no author or publisher of record in the checked-in data. An APA reference would have to invent that metadata.

    BibTeX: BibTeX requires an author and publication venue. Historical lineage entries store a narrative record and its source link, not structured authorship, so the field would be fabricated.

    Related